Contemporary Ghana enjoys greater political stability than it did shortly after independence: the countrys political decline after acquiring independence was fairly rapid, with the first coup occurring six years after the inauguration of the first republic. The sources of conflict include changes in relationships, power struggles, life changes, and poor communication. 0000005545 00000 n (vii) Gender discrimination (viii) Marital misunderstandings (ix) Political differences Conflict, which occurs when a perception or action leads to a state of unrest, is natural. Introduction. Hi Yvette-thanks for your comment (and reblog!) xref However, the military coups have had the unintended outcome of contributing to the political and economic maturity of the state. The Ashanti Empire were known for conquering many lands and claiming them.[when?] Change. Date of Independence: March 6, 1957. (iii) Poor working attitude of staff The working attitudes of many workers in several SOEs are simply destructive (negative). The Five Main Causes of Conflict and How Mediation Can Resolve Them There are five main causes of conflict: information conflicts, values conflicts, interest conflicts, relationship conflicts, and structural conflicts. - Theories & Examples, The Motivational Cycle: Definition, Stages & Examples, Acquired Needs Theory: Need for Achievement, Power & Affiliation, Exploratory Behavior & Curiosity: Psychology & Relationship, Emotions in Psychology: Definition, Biological Components & Survival, Theories of Emotion: James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, Two-Factor & Facial Feedback Hypothesis, James-Lange & Cannon-Bard Theories of Emotion, Effects of Motivation & Emotion on Perception, Cognition & Behavior, UExcel Introduction to Sociology: Study Guide & Test Prep, DSST Human Cultural Geography: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Human Geography: Certificate Program, Foundations of Education: Certificate Program, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Tutoring Solution, Abnormal Psychology: Homework Help Resource, CLEP American Government: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to American Government: Certificate Program, Introduction to Counseling: Certificate Program, DSST Fundamentals of Counseling: Study Guide & Test Prep, Psychology 103: Human Growth and Development, Man vs. Society Conflict: Definition & Examples, What is External Conflict in Literature? Resource scarcity also leads to conflict. Following the coup of 1972, inflation increased over the course of 8 years from 20.0% to over 100.0%, tipping the economy into hyperinflation. 1992. For the military, poor economic performance was a clear indicator of mismanagement and ineffective governance[4]. Moving, changing relationships, changing jobs, and other major changes are rife with conflict due to the fact that change involves opposing concepts in a state of unrest. The managers must be sensitive to the staff's feelings, actively listen to their side of the story, yet remain neutral and professional throughout the entire time. The inability of these parties to accept certain political outcomes and decisions due to their political affiliations poses a risk of intractable positions escalating into violent outbreaks, which taken to the extreme could precipitate civil war. 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Some of the key conflicts identified at the inception, design, construction and project management stages include; low recognition and lack of authority, design error, design omission, design not meeting specification, cost overrun, quality of work, running late, operational faults, conflict of loyalty and by-passing a 'single' point of contact. 4.2 Expectation of Manager. Much conflict exists in every workplace without turning into disputes. These includes inter-ethnic conflicts, mostly centred on control over land and other resources and sovereignty issues; intra ethnic conflicts around land ownership, competing uses of land and the siting of institutions and services, but mostly about chieftaincy succession; and conflicts between state institutions, such as the police and communities, over policing and law and order issues arising from communal conflicts and inter-personal disputes. The history of conflict and political instability in Ghana reveals that for a time political turmoil was the order of the day. An "Act" means the whole Act, whereas a section or, part of a section in an Act may be an enactment. It can be a slight conflict that causes no harm or an egregious conflict that results in irreparable damage. Certain aspects, of these practices, which are painful, shameful, humiliating or dehumanising must be either stopped or modified to more acceptable forms. (vii) Helps one to be seen as financially reliable and responsible (good reputation) (vi) They discourage scientific advancement and technology (vii) They generate conflicts among members of the community (viii) They create intense and unreasonable fear in the community (ix) They slow down development / progress in the community (x) They sometimes permit abuse of ones human rights 3.2 Lack of Resources. How Entrepreneurs Can Profit from Proceeding with Education, Here Are Top 5 Reasons Getting a Graduate Education Online Benefits Your Home Business, What We Need More in Education: Genuine Qualities, Step by step instructions to Proceed Your Education Online: Tools, Applications, and Tricks of the trade to Attempt. (xi) Attractive government incentives for corporate bodies and firms One of the main causes of conflict between Konkomba and other ethnic groups such as the Dagomba, Nanumba and Gonja is the struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. (a) (b) Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana In that regard, consider the role of the leader when the task has something to do with Managing Conflict Effectively. Conflict can also be seen as antagonism between individuals or groups in society. (i) The shooting and killing of 3 ex-servicemen on 28th February 1948 at the Christianborg crossroad while on a march to the Osu Castle to present a petition to the Governor 0000000857 00000 n 1. Preferences and nuisances 4. - Definition, Types & Examples, Man vs Nature in The Old Man and the Sea: Examples, Symbols & Power, How Literary Elements Affect the Central Conflict of a Text, External Conflicts in The Old Man and the Sea: Types & Analysis, What is Preventive Care? By its size Nigeria has economies of scale over Ghana; however, Ghana is more proficient in terms of the ECOWAS regional integration program. For instance, if budgets are slim, the marketing department may feel like they can make the most of those dollars by earning new customers. (i) They help to facilitate safety of the community More and more specialists believe that conflict management is as important as the other management functions. This could happen in various kinds of conflicts, from domestic to inter-regional. The belief that a couple must not have sex outdoors (even when no one is watching) some SOEs products and services due to the affordable rates and the monopoly (one man show) that some of them have. In terms of trade relations, Mozambique forms part of the top five South African trade partners within the SADC region. Some of these challenges could be lack of accommodation, lack of employment opportunities, getting of infectious diseases, involvement in social vices due to peer pressure or stress and hence danger of being Thus, as one might expect given the theme a this point, politics as a social system conflicts in the same way that all the above systems do. 5. The belief that some particular plants/ trees must not be cut Poor economic performance was recognised as creating social instability, which was deemed to motivate for and justify military interventions. It is a necessary and permanent part of life. (x) Creation of more job opportunities in the rural areas All Rights Reserved. Because we have different likes and dislikes, enjoy different things, and view the world from different perspectives, interpersonal conflicts are bound to happen. 0000006270 00000 n 0000003585 00000 n Remembering that the prefix 'intra-' means originating internally, you can see that intrapersonal conflict is when you feel conflicted about your own thoughts or actions. They also learned that the language of leadership is dependent upon the thoughtful consideration of the leader. Then, guide students in determining if the conflict is interpersonal, intrapersonal, intergroup or intragroup. THE ENGLISH COMMON LAW The origins of English Common Law could be traced from AD 1066 when William the Conqueror was crowned English King. (iii) The Alan Burns Constitution was not favourable, because it did not offer enough opportunity (seats) for local (Ghanaian) participation in the legislative and executive councils. A good project manager avoids these types of conflicts by managing their team with clear . (ii) They help to inculcate acceptable social habits in the society [any four], 4. 0 If you could advise world leaders on reducing conflict, what would you say. In facilitative mediation or traditional mediation, a professional mediator attempts to facilitate negotiation between the parties in conflict. (xiii) Amendment of negative cultural practices (i) Chieftaincy disputes This style is appropriate when: With changes in the international landscape occurring in the years following the Cold War, new and different types of conflict flared up. 0000003842 00000 n 3. If completed in a group setting, have students talk about what they determined for each article and have them explain their reasoning. By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. Wouldn't the world be a better place if all the conflict was gone? The four causes of conflict are: differing aims and methods, competing or disparage goals, differences in philosophies and personality conflicts. 0000006047 00000 n [any five], 3. The Bank of Ghana has, further, adopted monetary policy that is more transparent and accessible to the lay person[10]. (ix) High prices of essential commodities, which was caused by general shortage Fundamentally, what is the source of that conflict? Accurate and balanced analysis of the political economy in Zimbabwe. The existing rural industries must also be improved upon in order to make them more productive and lucrative. All these resources cut across the agricultural, mining and human sectors. The last approach is to avoid the conflict entirely. The states in question were commonly among the poorest in the world, and many were considered to be failed states, having lost the ability to maintain order or advance their own socio-economic development. While intrapersonal conflict can be difficult, its resolution results in a stronger understanding of yourself. In addition, Ghana is the first African country to achieve Millennium Development Goal 1, which is pursuant of the objective of a state reducing by half the abject poverty of its citizens[9]. Lock-outs. [10] BoG 2015. %PDF-1.4 % Inherent components of group life, conflicts include both positive and negative aspects from a psycho-social point of view. Avoiding. 4-14. (iv) They support the preservation of the environment Conflicts cause a general decline in the economy. xb```b``m``e`cc@ >6 X `h`pFAfLlTn{`93jo}#:11=T05 This could make life difficult or even unbearable for them. Land Ownership and control of land are another major source of ethnic conflicts in the Northern Region. It remains a challenge for the ruling party and the people of Ghana to maintain peace and keep the momentum to grow the economy. If the conflict is about legitimate differences of opinion about the team's task, then it is a healthy conflict. Rather than making recommendations or imposing a decision, the mediator encourages disputants to reach their own voluntary solution by exploring each other's deeper interests. 3475 0 obj<> endobj (iii) Economic downturn Official Language: English. Please complete the General Enquiry form and submit it to us for a response. Resources 2. There have been conflicts such as the Konkomba-Nanumba conflict,[when?] A conflict of interest emerges when people have differing opinions. (ii) make recommendations to the colonial administration on how to prevent future occurrences, (b) Reasons for the 1948 riots Ghana is a country endowed with various abundant natural resources. Ghanas efforts to address its early post-independence challenges have not been in vain. source of worry. Unemployment refers to the share of the labour force without work but are available for and seeking employment. Sources of Conflict: Early reviews in the field of conflict resolution identified a large number of schemes for describing sources or types of conflict (Fink, 1968; Mack & Snyder, 1958). The same standards of work, production numbers, and clean-up should be upheld by all three teams. Displacements of persons occur when people move out of their usual places of abode/ work, due to conflict, to reside in other areas they consider safer or more peaceful. CLICK TO VIEW ANSWERS TO PART 2, 1. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, What is Motivation? Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Report: Ghana ranked as one of the most peaceful countries in West Africa, World and YEN.com.gh has details", "Refworld | Ghana: Conflict between the Konkomba and Nanumba tribes and the government response to the conflict (1994-September 2000)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethnic_conflict_in_Ghana&oldid=1082759692, Articles needing additional references from April 2018, All articles needing additional references, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 14 April 2022, at 23:01. (v) Displacements of persons Ghanas Development Finance Institutions: Review of Current Status and Principles for Reform, World Bank: Washington, D. C. Available At: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. This plot progression is true of shows aimed at the youngest of audiences (for example, the bear wants honey out of the tree but has to trick the bees in order to get it). Is there a common source of conflict? (ii) Give two examples of superstitious beliefs, (b) Outline five effects of superstitious beliefs on a community, Answer one question only from this section. The word "enactment", does not mean the same thing as the "Act." Answer one question only from this section, 1. Think back to your favorite movie or book. Ghana ranks 43rd in the Global Peace Index. (a) Why was the Watson Commission set up? (ii) Helps to ensure the security of ones future (for a rainy day) (iii) Enables one to purchase or do something expensive in future. Stress and Burnout Workplace stress is often the source of conflict in an organization. A glaring pattern of inequality in Ghana manifests itself in the North-South dichotomy in development. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. (iv) Political inconsistencies / interference Each political party that comes to power has different ideas on how the SOEs must be managed. Political stability and the entrenched rule of law is vital to maintain peace and stimulate economic growth within the country. succeed. All these constitute abuses of human rights. [14] Kwarke, S. 2018. Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme. This standard, not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its employee ranks. (x) The monopoly and other negative practices of the Association of West African Merchants (AWAM) made several African businesses suffer and hence brought great economic hardships to the local people. In such circumstances, prices of the few goods and services on the market are greatly hiked (increased), thereby creating intense economic hardship in the nation. There are several common causes of conflict at work, but most are categorised by who in the workplace is involved. Compared with its neighbours, Ghana seems to be going through a period of relative stability. These states were viewed as a significant threat to regional and global stability. Others are layered with minefields of complexity. SOURCES OF LAW IN GHANA (ARTICLE 11, CHAPTER 4 ). In times of conflict, there is usually a breakdown of law and order, and some people tend to take undue advantage to abuse the fundamental human rights of others. [any four]. The cookie settings on this website are set to "allow cookies" to give you the best browsing experience possible. The Kingdom of eSwatini is a small, landlocked Southern African country bordered by the Republic of Mozambique to the east and surrounded by the Republic of South Africa. Accept. One of the main causes of conflict between Konkomba and other ethnic groups such as the Dagomba, Nanumba and Gonja is the struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. (v) The introduction of Conditional Sales (forced buying of unneeded items, before buying what was actually needed) Conflict can occur between two employees, between a team of employees, or between departments of an organization, brought about by the employees, teams, or organizations themselves. 3.1 Vague Definition of Responsibility. The Political Origins of African Military Coups: Ethnic Competition, Military Centrality, and the Struggle over the Postcolonial State, International Studies Quarterly, Vol. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Conflict is a Process: Conflict occurs in 'layers'. Ghanas Kwame Nkrumah: Visionary, Authoritarian Ruler and National Hero, on the Deutsche Welle Website, viewed on 23 November 2018, from https://www.dw.com/. This Ghana-related article is a stub. Other forms of rewards that might incite conflict include employee of the month or other major awards that are given on a competitive basis. For instance, an organization might set a standard where only a certain percent of the employees can achieve the top ranking for raises and bonuses. Identities, Inequalities and Conflicts in Ghana. Research Methods in Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Research Methods in Psychology: Tutoring Solution, FTCE School Psychologist PK-12 (036) Prep, CLEP Introductory Psychology Exam: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Social Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Introduction to Social Psychology: Certificate Program, Social Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Educational Psychology: Tutoring Solution, Educational Psychology: Homework Help Resource, UExcel Research Methods in Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Research Methods in Psychology: Certificate Program, Research Methods in Psychology: Help and Review, Introduction to Psychology: Homework Help Resource, High School Psychology: Homeschool Curriculum, Create an account to start this course today. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Those sources are. Similarly, the government has also reformed its fiscal policy. SOEs.

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