[43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. WebShop for kingdom of laos wall art from the world's greatest living artists. )exports: 235,000 metric tons (2020 est. ), women married by age 15: 7.1%women married by age 18: 32.7%men married by age 18: 10.8% (2017 est. A number of Laotian sign languages are used in areas with high rates of congenital deafness.[46]. His ministers, unable to tolerate his ruthlessness, forced him into exile to the present-day Thai province of Nan in 1373,[31] where he died. Sell now. Laos can be considered to consist of three geographical areas: north, central, and south. Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. )government consumption: 14.1% (2017 est. The national carrier is Lao Airlines. The king then secretly sent Prince Kindavong to represent Laos to the Allied forces and Prince Sisavang as representative to the Japanese. WebSearch from Kingdom Of Laos stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock. [47] As of 22March2021[update] the head of state is President Thongloun Sisoulith. Recently, the country has faced a persistent current account deficit, falling foreign currency reserves, and growing public debt. [68] Laos also maintained a "special relationship" with Vietnam and formalised a 1977 treaty of friendship and cooperation that created tensions with China. )industry: 33.2% (2017 est. Wiktionary Advertisement Find Similar Words Find similar words to kingdom-of-laos using the buttons below. [109], Laos and Vietnamese (SRV) troops were reported to have raped and killed four Christian Hmong women in Xiangkhouang Province in 2011, according to the US-based non-governmental public policy research organisation The Centre for Public Policy Analysis, which also said other Christian and independent Buddhist and animist believers were being persecuted. note: data are in current year dollars$5.816 billion (2020 est.) WebHome Steve Test MMIS w/ LogRocket ID. [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. [84] Following threats of forcible removal by the Thai government, the United States, in a significant victory for the Hmong, agreed to accept 15,000 of the refugees in 2003. jw2019 [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. [48], Some 80million bombs failed to explode and remain scattered throughout the country, rendering vast swaths of land impossible to cultivate. )58.4% of GDP (2016 est. [citation needed], The Lao government controls all media channels to prevent critique of its actions. [143], The term "Laotian" does not necessarily refer to the Lao language, ethnic Lao people, language or customs. [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. )-$1.32 billion (2019 est. ), Thailand 53%, China 26%, Vietnam 10% (2019), refined petroleum, cars, cattle, iron structures, steel products (2019), $1.476 billion (31 December 2021 est. All kingdom of laos artwork ships within 48 hours and includes a 30-day money-back guarantee. On December 15, 1946, in the face of guerrilla raids from across the Mekong, forty-four delegates to the Kingdom of Laos's first popularly elected Lao PDR: How to Attract More Investment in Small-Scale Renewable Energy? However, only slightly more than half of the population speaks Lao natively. ), $14.9 billion (31 December 2017 est. The Tai-Kadai Languages, ":: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. [47] Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped two million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly equal to the 2.1million tons of bombs the US dropped on Europe and Asia during all of World War II, making Laos the most heavily bombed country in history relative to the size of its population; The New York Times notes this was "nearly a ton for every person in Laos". )forest: 67.9% (2018 est. ), degree of risk: very high (2020)food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria, total: 8.15 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. 3, "Through Chaos to a New Order", in, Sanda Simms, ch. Get the item you ordered or get your money back. For 300 years Lan Xang had influence reaching into present-day Cambodia and Thailand, as well as over all of what is now Laos. )from petroleum and other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. On September 1, 1945, the Kingdom of Laos was confirmed [2] as an independent kingdom under Japanese protection. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. It has failed to qualify for the FIFA World Cup or the AFC Asian Cup, but has participated in minor competitions like the AFC Solidarity Cup and the AFF Championship. After talks with the UNHCR and the Thai government, Laos agreed to repatriate the 60,000 Lao refugees living in Thailand, including several thousand Hmong people. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. The constitution also contains provisions for gender equality, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of press and assembly. [38] France rescued King Oun Kham and added Luang Phrabang to the protectorate of French Indochina. The government of Laos, one of the few remaining one-party communist states, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986. [34], Chao Anouvong was installed as a vassal king of Vientiane by the Siamese. )female: 10.3% (2020 est. Usually called Laos. The Lao League is the top professional league for association football clubs in the country. [54][55], The conflict between Hmong rebels and Laos continued in key areas of Laos, including in Saysaboune Closed Military Zone, Xaisamboune Closed Military Zone near Vientiane Province and Xiangkhouang Province. [66][67] The incumbent head of government is Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone. The Lao alphabet, which evolved sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries, was derived from the ancient Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. While some Hmong people returned to Laos voluntarily, with development assistance from UNHCR, allegations of forced repatriation surfaced. [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. Metallurgy is an important industry, and the government hopes to attract foreign investment to develop the substantial deposits of coal, gold, bauxite, tin, copper, and other valuable metals. ), general assessment: Laos joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2013; one of the conditions of admittance was to establish an independent regulator for its telecom sector within two years; the government had committed to do so by February 2015 as part of the accession agreement; there still has been no sign of any firm plans being made to create an independent regulatory body; the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPT) retains the primary role in regulating the countrys telecom market; with the government also having a financial stake (in part or in whole) in every one of the major fixed-line and mobile operators, the MPTs position and decision-making is far from what could be considered independent; sufficient returns on investment cannot be guaranteed with such strict pricing controls as well as the potential for political interference; fixed-line and mobile penetration levels have, as a result, remained much lower than whats seen in neighboring South East Asian markets; there are signs of growth in the mobile broadband segment as LTE network coverage slowly widens and, more recently, the countrys first 5G services start to come on stream; residents in the capital will at least be able to enjoy high-speed services in the near future, while the rest of the country waits patiently to catch up with the rest of the world. [154] Healthy life expectancy was 54 years in 2007. For example, Article 8 makes it clear that Laos is a multinational state and is committed to equality between ethnic groups. Fitch rating: CCC (2020)Moody's rating: Caa2 (2020)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. ), unexploded ordnance; deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; water pollution, most of the population does not have access to potable water, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 24.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. French is also used in public works in central and southern Laos and Luang Prabang and is a language of diplomacy and of the elite classes, higher professions and elders. ), rice, roots/tubers nes, cassava, sugar cane, vegetables, bananas, maize, watermelons, coffee, taro, mining (copper, tin, gold, gypsum); timber, electric power, agricultural processing, rubber, construction, garments, cement, tourism, agriculture: 73.1%industry: 6.1%services: 20.6% (2012 est. The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. Shop with confidence. The major roads connecting to urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years. [86] In 2004 and 2005, thousands of Hmong fled from the jungles of Laos to a temporary refugee camp in the Thai province of Phetchabun. "[132], The country's most widely recognised product may well be Beerlao, which in 2017 was exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. Have one to sell? Influences: 12 Oct. 1945 - 24 Apr. Vakulchuk, R., Chan, H.Y., Kresnawan, M.R., Merdekawati, M., Overland, I., Sagbakken, H.F., Suryadi, B., Utama, N.A. )other: 21.5% (2018 est. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. Theravada Buddhism is a dominant influence in Lao culture. [32], In 1520, Photisarath came to the throne and moved the capital from Luang Prabang to Vientiane to avoid a Burmese invasion. WebWho is the father of Laos? country in Southeast Asia (official name) enwiktionary-2017-09 (approximately $110 million)0.2% of GDP (2017 est.) It is evident throughout the country, expressed in language, temples and the arts and literature. After the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the communist Pathet Lao came to power, ending the civil war. Pathet Lao held areas used Lao as their sole language and following the end of the Vietnam War, French began its sharp decline in Laos. [87], Lending further support to earlier claims that the government of Laos was persecuting the Hmong, filmmaker Rebecca Sommer documented first-hand accounts in her documentary, Hunted Like Animals,[88] and in a comprehensive report that includes summaries of refugee claims and was submitted to the UN in May 2006. ), fossil fuels: 35.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )crude oil estimated reserves: 0 barrels (2021 est. As of 2011[update], Nhn Dn ('The People') and the Xinhua News Agency are the only foreign media organisations permitted to open offices in Laosboth opened bureaus in Vientiane in 2011. 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